Burying a card does modify the card, but I think edited:x only looks at note modification. Searching - Anki Manual
In this discussion (2y ago), there wasn’t yet a way to search for recently edited cards, but the solution for that case was to search introduced:x, which wouldn’t help you here.
Since those cards were already overdue yesterday, have you tried looking at prop:due<-1? That will eliminate anything you have already studied, along with “the unfinished reviews of yesterday as well as those that are due today.” Then if you sort by “Card Modified” you can at least see which ones have times around when you were doing that burying. Some of them may be siblings that are already overdue, but were automatically buried yesterday, but hopefully you can sort through?