Well, if I try to rebuild it, there is nothing. Hence the message. But still it shows one card. And that one appeared “by itself” not in the course of rebuilding a deck.
Still, there is something wrong. I have a search for leeches. Once after studying them I go through the list in the Browse and remove the leech tag. Now when I ask to rebuild the deck it tells me that there is no match (which is correct). But: it does not empty the deck. Rather it keeps the old leeches in that list. When I ask to rebuild, then it should do as told and end up with an empty list!
The filtered deck options won’t proceed if your search doesn’t match anything. If you use the rebuild button at the bottom of the main Anki window, it should do what you want.
I still cannot reproduce it. If I tag some cards leech, create a filtered deck with tag:leech, remove the tag from the notes, and click rebuild down the bottom, the deck becomes empty for me.
Hmm. Maybe the issue is gone when trying to catch it. But anyhow, is there a way to make a pre/after image so you could find the cause? If so I would try to produce that.