Where exactly is card template translated as Notiztyp, i.e. in which window, dialogue, tooltip, button…? It’s hard to find these translation strings only by their translations.
This translation is correct. It is supposed to say “Change Note Type…”, because you are indeed changing the note type with this menu.
Individual card templates are edited in the Cards(“Karten…”)-dialog. And there, the translation is correct (“Kartentyp”). I checked right now on Anki 2.1.42.
For more information on the difference between notes and cards, see this chapter of the official manual.