Image Occlusion cards created in AnkiDroid show no image (works fine if created in Anki Desktop)

I’m running into the blank Image Occlusion problem, and I think I found a pattern that might help narrow it down.

I created over 1,000 Image Occlusion cards directly on AnkiDroid’s built-in Image Occlusion editor, on a Xiaomi Redmi Pad 2. When I try to study these cards:

In AnkiDroid: the screen is blank/white. Only the small occlusion rectangle (the mask shape covering the hidden area) is visible, floating on the blank screen — the base image itself never loads.

On AnkiWeb (browser): same issue — the image is missing on the question side, and only appears after clicking “Show Answer”.

Opening the note and tapping “Edit Occlusions” shows the image and masks correctly, so the image file itself is present and synced.

However, Image Occlusion cards I created on Anki Desktop display and study correctly on every platform, including AnkiDroid.

This suggests the bug is specific to how AnkiDroid’s built-in Image Occlusion editor writes the note/field data on creation, not a general media sync or rendering issue.

Is this a known/tracked issue? Is there any way to repair notes that were already created broken (e.g. by re-saving via “Edit Occlusions”), or will they need to be recreated from scratch?

Debug info below:

AnkiDroid Version = 2.24.0 (ebcf8e0e34921628b9b8a496c66ffd4adbb3705f)

Backend Version = 0.1.64-anki25.09.2 (25.09.2 3890e12c9e48c028c3f12aa58cb64bd9f8895e30)

Android Version = 15 (SDK 35)

ProductFlavor = play

Device Info = Xiaomi | Redmi | taiko | taiko_global | 25040RP0AL | mt6789

WebView Info = [com.google.android.webview | 782715903]: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 15; 25040RP0AL Build/AP3A.240905.015.A2; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Chrome/149.0.7827.159 Safari/537.36

ACRA UUID = 09eb633c-7542-4043-9763-6593f7fe4686

FSRS = 5.1.0 (Enabled: false)

Crash Reports Enabled = true