Was your old Mac an Intel-based Mac, and is your new MacBook an Apple Silicon Mac?
Could you please open the Terminal app and run the /Applications/Anki.app/Contents/MacOS/launcher command? (That is the equivalent to double-clicking on the app icon to open it up, except that you will get to see any error messages that might appear.)
Please copy and paste the error messages you see, and we’ll continue troubleshooting from there.
(If the problem is due to one of the issues that other users have seen before, we might be able to fix it via the procecures in one of the below topics.)